Home Fire Safety
Each year, more than 4,000 Americans die and more than 25,000 are injured in fires,
many of which could be prevented.
Direct property loss due to fires is estimated at $8.6 billion annually.
many of which could be prevented.
Direct property loss due to fires is estimated at $8.6 billion annually.
To protect yourself, it is important to understand the basic characteristics of fire. Fire spreads quickly; there is no time to gather valuables or make a phone call. In just two minutes, a fire can become life-threatening. In five minutes, a residence can be engulfed in flames.
Heat and smoke from fire can be more dangerous than the flames. Inhaling the super-hot air can sear your lungs. Fire produces poisonous gases that make you disoriented and drowsy. Instead of being awakened by a fire, you may fall into a deeper sleep. Asphyxiation is the leading cause of fire deaths, exceeding burns by a three-to-one ratio.
BEFORE 🏠🔥
➡ Install smoke alarms on every level of your residence.
➡ Place smoke alarms outside bedrooms on the ceiling or high on the wall (4 to 12 inches from ceiling), at the top of open stairways, or at the bottom of enclosed stairs and near (but not in) the kitchen.
➡ Test and clean smoke alarms once a month and replace batteries at least once a year.
➡ eview escape routes with your family and where to meet outside of the house. Practice escaping from each ➡ room in the house.
➡ Consider escape ladders if your residence has more than one level.
➡ Teach family members to stay low on the floor (where the air is safer in a fire) when escaping from a fire.
➡ Store flammable liquids in approved containers in well-ventilated storage areas. Do not smoke near flammable liquids.
➡ Sleep with your door closed.
➡ Install fire A-B-C type fire extinguishers in your residence and teach family members how to use them.
DURING 🏠🔥
➡ If escaping from a fire, check closed doors for heat before you open them with the back of your hand. Do not open a hot door; escape through a window. If you cannot escape, hang a white or light-colored sheet outside the window to alert emergency responders to your presence.
➡ If your clothes catch on fire, you should Stop, Drop, and Roll until the fire is extinguished. Running will only make the fire burn faster.
➡ Close doors behind you as you escape to delay the spread of the fire.
After 🏠🔥
➡ If you are with burn victims, or are a burn victim yourself, call 9-1-1; cool and cover burns to reduce chance of further injury or infection.
➡ If you detect heat or smoke when entering a damaged building, evacuate immediately.
➡ If you are a tenant, contact the landlord.
➡ If you have a safe or strong box, do not try to open it. It can hold intense heat for several hours. If the door is opened before the box has cooled, the contents could burst into flames.
➡ If you must leave your home because a building inspector says the building is unsafe, ask someone you trust to watch the property during your absence.
WILDFIRES
Wildfires are caused by numerous sources ranging from lightning, arson, carelessness by smokers, individuals burning debris or operating equipment which throws sparks to children playing with matches. The largest number of wildfires in Carolina caused by people are woods arson followed by careless debris burning.
Before 🌳🔥
If you see a wildfire, call 9-1-1. Don't assume that someone else has already called. Describe the location of the fire, speak slowly and clearly, and answer any questions asked by the dispatcher.
Before the Fire Approaches Your House
‣‣ Evacuate. Evacuate your pets and all family members who are not essential to preparing the home. Anyone with medical or physical limitations and the young and the elderly should be evacuated immediately.
‣‣ Wear protective clothing.
‣‣ Remove combustibles. Clear items that will burn from around the house: wood piles, lawn furniture, barbecue grills, tarp coverings, etc. Move them outside of your defensible space.
‣‣ Close/protect openings. Close outside attic, eaves and basement vents, windows, doors, pet doors, etc. Remove flammable drapes and curtains. Close all shutters, blinds or heavy non-combustible window coverings to reduce radiant heat.
‣‣ Close inside doors/open damper. Close alt doors inside the house to prevent draft. Open the damper on your fireplace, but close the fireplace screen.
‣‣ Shut off gas. Shut off any natural gas, propane or fuel oil supplies at the source.
‣‣ Water. Connect garden hoses. Fill any pools, hot tubs, garbage cans, tubs or other large containers with water.
‣‣ Pumps. If you have gas-powered pumps for water, make sure they are fueled and ready.
‣‣ Ladder. Place a ladder against the house in clear view.
‣‣ Car. Back your car into the driveway and roll up the windows.
‣‣ Garage doors. Disconnect any automatic garage door openers so that doors can still be opened by hand if the power goes out. Close all garage doors.
‣‣ Valuables. Place valuable papers, mementos and anything "you can't live without" inside the car in the garage, ready for quick departure. Any pets still with you should also be put in the car.
Preparing to Leave
‣‣ Lights. Turn on outside lights and leave a light on in every room to make the house more visible in heavy smoke.
‣‣ Don't lock up. Leave doors and windows closed but unlocked. It may be necessary for firefighters to gain quick entry into your home to fight fire. The entire area will be isolated and patrolled by sheriff's deputies or police.
During 🌳🔥
Survival in a Vehicle
‣‣ This is dangerous and should only be done in an emergency, but you can survive the firestorm if you stay in your car. It is much less dangerous than trying to run from a fire on foot.
‣‣ Roll up windows and close air vents. Drive slowly with headlights on. Watch for other vehicles and pedestrians. Do not drive through heavy smoke.
‣‣ If you have to stop, park away from the heaviest trees and brush. Turn headlights on and ignition off. Roll up windows and close air vents.
‣‣ Get on the floor and cover up with a blanket or coat.
‣‣ Stay in the vehicle until the main fire passes.
‣‣ Stay in the vehicle. Do not run! The engine may stall and not restart. Air currents may rock the car. Some smoke and sparks may enter the vehicle and the temperature inside will increase. Metal gas tanks and containers rarely explode.
If You Are Trapped at Home
‣‣ If you do find yourself trapped by wildfire inside your home, stay inside and away from outside walls. Close doors, but leave them unlocked. Keep your entire family together and remain calm.
If Caught in the Open
‣‣ The best temporary shelter is in a sparse fuel area. On a steep mountainside, the back side is safer. Avoid canyons, natural "chimneys" and saddles.
‣‣ If a road is nearby, lie face down along the road cut or in the ditch on the uphill side. Cover yourself with anything that will shield you from the fire's heat.
‣‣ If hiking in the back country, seek a depression with sparse fuel. Clear fuel away from the area while the fire is approaching and then lie face down in the depression and cover yourself. Stay down until after the fire passes!
AFTER 🌳🔥
‣‣ Check the roof immediately. Put out any roof fires, sparks or embers. Check the attic for hidden burning sparks.
‣‣ If you have a fire, get your neighbors to help fight it.
‣‣ The water you put into your pool or hot tub and other containers will come in handy now. If the power is out, try connecting a hose to the outlet on your water heater.
‣‣ For several hours after the fire, maintain a "fire watch." Re-check for smoke and sparks throughout the house.